The Holocaust in Ukraine is the systematic extermination of Jews in the Ukrainian territories occupied by Nazi Germany and its allies in 1941-1944. In Europe, Ukraine had the largest Jewish population at the time of Germany's attack on the USSR - almost 2.7 million people. About 1.4 million of them became victims of the Holocaust.

442 ghettos were created in the occupied territory of Ukraine. Some Ukrainian Jews died in gas chambers, the so-called "death factories". In Crimea, the Nazis almost completely destroyed the Crimean community, who also practiced Judaism. A characteristic feature of the Holocaust in Ukraine was that more than 70% of Jews died as a result of shootings. Today, more than 300 places of mass executions of Jews are known. The Holocaust in Ukraine is part of the "Bullet Holocaust".

For Ukraine, World War II began on September 1, 1939. First, the Soviet army occupied the western regions of Ukraine and began repressions against the local population with a pro-Ukrainian position. In 1941, the entire territory of Ukraine was occupied by German troops, which brought the next wave of terror and war crimes. Occupied Ukraine was divided into special administrative regions:

• The Reich Commissariat "Ukraine" included: Rivne, Volyn, Kamianets-Podilskyi, Zhytomyr, Kyiv, Poltava regions, northern regions of Vinnytsia region, Mykolaiv (without western regions), Kirovohrad region, left-bank regions of modern Kherson and Zaporizhia regions, Dnipropetrovsk region;
• The district "Galicia", which was annexed to the Governor-General "Poland", included: Lviv, Stanislav, Drohobych regions and most of the territory of Ternopil region;
• To the east of the Dniester, an administrative unit of Transnistria was formed, which was under the administration of Royal Romania.

Retreating, the Soviet authorities used scorched earth tactics. And the German occupiers and their allies plundered Ukraine unheard of.

Crimes against humanity against the Jewish population in Ukraine during World War II received their legal qualification at the Nuremberg and Bucharest trials.